Gum disease—also known as periodontal disease ,is a common oral health issue in Aotearoa. At its early stage it’s gingivitis, and if left untreated, it can progress to more severe periodontitis. Clinics like Howick Dental Surgery deliver expert diagnosis and a full range of treatments to help protect your smile.
What Is Gum Disease?
Gum disease begins when plaque ,a sticky, bacteria-rich film—builds up along your gumline. Over time, this can inflame the gums, leading to gingivitis, which is reversible with good oral hygiene and professional cleaning.
If untreated, gingivitis can advance to periodontitis. In this stage, the inflammation affects deeper structures: pockets form between the gum and tooth, bone may deteriorate, and teeth can loosen or even fall out.
Signs & Symptoms to Watch For
Early gum disease can be subtle, with many kiwis remaining unaware until more serious issues develop. Be alert for:
- Red, swollen, or tender gums
- Bleeding when brushing, flossing, or eating hard foods
- Persistent bad breath or an unpleasant metallic taste
- Gums receding, making teeth appear longer
- New spaces between teeth or loose teeth
- Deep pockets around teeth, pus or changes in your bite alignment
If you’ve noticed any of these symptoms, it’s wise to book a dental check-up promptly.
Who’s at Risk?
Several factors can raise your likelihood of developing gum disease:
- Poor oral hygiene: irregular brushing or flossing
- Smoking or excessive alcohol use
- Diabetes or other systemic health issues
- Hormonal changes (e.g. during pregnancy or menopause)
- Family history or genetic predisposition
- Stress and clenching or grinding your teeth
Treatment Options in New Zealand
Non‑Surgical Care: Scaling & Root Planing
For early to moderate gum disease, scaling and root planing (also called deep cleaning) is the gold-standard treatment. This involves carefully cleaning plaque and tartar above and below the gumline and smoothing the root surfaces so gums can reattach cleanly. Local anaesthetic is usually applied, and some mild discomfort may follow for a day or two.
At Howick Dental Surgery, experienced hygienists offer this alongside personalised oral-health coaching and follow-up care to support healing.
Antibacterial Therapy & Adjuncts
Some cases benefit from antimicrobial rinses like chlorhexidine gluconate or targeted antibiotics to reduce bacterial load and inflammation.
Surgical Treatments for Advanced Cases
If periodontitis has caused deep pockets, bone loss or gum recession, surgical options may be needed. These can include flap surgery, bone grafting, guided tissue regeneration or soft tissue grafts—procedures designed to stabilise the gums, restore bone, and prevent tooth loss.
Laser Therapy
Some New Zealand clinics offer laser periodontal therapy to promote healing, reduce bacterial levels, and stimulate tissue regeneration. While evidence is still emerging, it’s available as an adjunct in advanced cases.
Prevention & Long‑Term Maintenance
Keeping gum disease at bay relies on consistent daily care:
- Brush teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste
- Floss once a day or use interdental brushes where needed
- Visit your dentist or hygienist every 3–6 months for routine cleaning and assessment
At Howick Dental Surgery, dental hygienists provide tailored oral‑health guidance, affordable hygiene appointments and follow‑up plans to suit your needs.
Gum disease affects many New Zealanders but is largely preventable and manageable when caught early. Regular hygiene, healthy habits and professional care can keep it from advancing.
If you’re noticing any symptoms, like bleeding gums, bad breath, or loose teeth, contact Howick Dental Surgery. Their team of skilled hygienists and dentists can guide you on treatment options, including scaling, root planing or referral for surgical intervention if needed
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